2011年职称英语考试理工B真题(部分)（二）

2011年职称英语考试理工B真题(部分)（二） #

　　Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in teens(B级) #

　　While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to “self-medicate” against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually __1_ depressive symptoms in some teens. #

　　“This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived _2__ benefits of smoking among teens,” says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. “_3__ cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to _4___ mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms.”

#

　　As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to _5___ mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools _6__ in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods. #

　　Participants were _7___ three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical _8__; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how often participants felt too tired to do things; had _9__ going to sleep or staying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt _10___ about the future; felt vexed, antsy or tense; and worried too much about things.

#

　　“Smokers who _11___ cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked,” says co-researcher Jennifer O’Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. “Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of _12__ depressive symptoms.” #

　　The _13__ between depression and smoking exits principally among teens that use cigarettes to _14___. “It’s _15__ to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke,” says Dr. Chaiton.

#

　　1. A examine B increase C decrease D diagnose

#

　　2. A social B financial C emotional D political

　　3. A Whatever B Although C Whenever D S\What #

　　4. A improve B increase C decrease D help

#

　　5. A affecting B cause C effect D affect

　　6. A exposed B expanded C located D detected #

　　7. A divided into B dividing into C divided D divided to

　　8. A world B activity C state D beauty

　　9. A time B courage C energy D trouble

　　10. A hopeless B hope C hopeful D hopes #

　　11. A use B used C took D take

　　12. A changing B identifying C developing D overcoming

#

　　13. A difference B association C cooperation D agreement

　　14. A feel stronger B feel healthier C feel well D feel better

#

　　15. A illogical B unscientific C meaningless D important
  #